{"id":1236,"date":"2017-03-17T19:26:51","date_gmt":"2017-03-17T18:26:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/?p=1236"},"modified":"2018-09-20T11:14:15","modified_gmt":"2018-09-20T09:14:15","slug":"le-penchak-silat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/blog\/2017\/03\/17\/le-penchak-silat\/","title":{"rendered":"Le Penchak-Silat : Un art de vivre et de combattre"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 24pt;\">Qu&rsquo;est ce que le Penchak-Silat\u00a0?<\/span><\/h1>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Le <strong>Penchak-Silat<\/strong> (ou Pencak-Silat) qui signifie litt\u00e9ralement \u00ab\u00a0l&rsquo;art du combat rapide\u00a0\u00bb est un <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/blog\/2016\/10\/30\/origine-des-arts-martiaux\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">art martial<\/a> qui nous vient de Malaisie. On y retrouve <strong>deux courants d&rsquo;arts martiaux<\/strong> : le penchak originaire de Java, dans le sud de l\u2019Indon\u00e9sie et le Silat de Sumatra, dans le nord de l&rsquo;\u00eele et en Malaisie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">C&rsquo;est un art martial qui r\u00e9unit <strong>tous les aspects du combat<\/strong>, comme les percussions, les projections, les cl\u00e9s, les balayages, et le d\u00e9sarmement\u00a0.. <\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Le Penchak-Silat d\u00e9signe une multitude d&rsquo;arts de combats, il existe une <strong>centaine de styles et courants<\/strong>. On constate la m\u00eame chose avec le karat\u00e9, pour lequel le shotokan et le Kyokushinkai sont deux courants diff\u00e9rents.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Il faut savoir que cet art est tr\u00e8s important en\u00a0Malaisie, il a vocation \u00e0 former des <strong>individus disciplin\u00e9s<\/strong>, loyaux et courageux.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-6159 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/penchak1-1024x577.jpg\" alt=\"Le Penchak Silat Un art de vivre et de combattre\" width=\"640\" height=\"361\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/penchak1-1024x577.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/penchak1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/penchak1-768x433.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/penchak1-600x338.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/penchak1.jpg 1279w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><br \/>\n<div class='code-block code-block-6' style='margin: 8px 0; 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font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 24pt;\"><b>Ses origines<\/b> <\/span><\/h1>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Le Penchak-Silat est <strong>originaire d&rsquo;Asie<\/strong> et comprend des pays comme la Malaisie, les Philippines et l&rsquo;Indon\u00e9sie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">C&rsquo;est depuis 1948 que le penchak-silat re\u00e7oit une appellation officielle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Les positions et mouvements de cet art martial s&rsquo;appellent le<strong> langkah<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">On ne retrouve quasiment pas de document qui atteste de son origine, <strong>l&rsquo;histoire<\/strong> de cet art \u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 surtout <strong>transmise oralement<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>A l&rsquo;origine<\/strong> il est pratiqu\u00e9 sous une forme de combat <strong>rythmique<\/strong>, c&rsquo;est \u00e0 dire avec des b\u00e2tons ou \u00e0 mains nues.. . Les exercices sont bas\u00e9s sur des s\u00e9ries d&rsquo;encha\u00eenements codifi\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Dans les ann\u00e9es 1860, <\/span><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">les \u00e9coles de Silat<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> et celles des arts martiaux <\/span><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">chinois<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> coop\u00e8rent pour s&rsquo;<\/span><strong style=\"color: #000000;\">opposer aux britanniques<\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">, qui occupent \u00e0 cette \u00e9poque <\/span><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ces territoires.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">C&rsquo;est \u00e0 la fin du 19\u00e8me si\u00e8cle que le Penchak-Silat appara\u00eet. Et il ne cessera d&rsquo;\u00e9voluer de fa\u00e7on importante, commen\u00e7ant par une ressemblance avec l&rsquo;escrime jusqu&rsquo;aux techniques \u00e0 mains nues.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">On peut l&rsquo;expliquer \u00e0 cause du contexte historique de cette r\u00e9gion asiatique \u00e0 l&rsquo;aube du 20 \u00e8me si\u00e8cle. En effet le colonialisme ainsi que le fondamentalisme musulman justifient\u00a0cette <strong>\u00e9volution<\/strong>. Ils abandonnent donc leurs vieilles coutumes au profit de nouvelles valeurs occidentales.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Pour r\u00e9sumer, les <strong>trois phases historiques principales du Silat<\/strong> se suivent mais ne se ressemblent pas:<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Du <strong>15\u00e8me au 19\u00e8me si\u00e8cle<\/strong>, c&rsquo;est le<strong> style d&rsquo;escrime<\/strong> qui domine avec des combats aux b\u00e2tons. <\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Du <strong>19\u00e8me au 20 \u00e8me si\u00e8cle<\/strong>, le Silat s&rsquo;ouvre \u00e0 toutes les <strong>influences pour se transformer et s&rsquo;enrichir<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Enfin le <strong>Silat actuel<\/strong> est inspir\u00e9 par d&rsquo;autres<strong> arts martiaux<\/strong> notamment <strong>japonais<\/strong> et se veut plus r\u00e9aliste notamment pour la self-d\u00e9fense.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Le style S\u00e9tia Hati T\u00e9rat\u00e9<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Il s&rsquo;agit d&rsquo;un des 150 styles indon\u00e9sien. S\u00e9tia Hati signifie \u00ab\u00a0c\u0153ur fid\u00e8le\u00a0\u00bb, T\u00e9rat\u00e9 est le nom d&rsquo;une fleur de Lys aquatique, le lotus, qui est symbole de la s\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9 mais qui peut devenir mortelle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">C&rsquo;est un style qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9e par <strong>Pak So\u00e9ro<\/strong> n\u00e9 en 1869 \u00e0 Java. D\u00e8s son plus jeune \u00e2ge il poss\u00e8de des qualit\u00e9s physiques et intellectuelles incroyables. Son p\u00e8re lui donne une \u00e9ducation tr\u00e8s stricte et l&rsquo;envoie dans une \u00e9cole ou le gar\u00e7on apprendra les techniques du Penchak-Silat. A <strong>17 ans<\/strong>, il est d\u00e9j\u00e0 consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un <strong>expert<\/strong> de cet art. Il s&rsquo;entra\u00eene durement et ma\u00eetrise tous les styles. <\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; color: #000000; font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">A 33 ans, i<strong>l fonde sa propre \u00e9cole<\/strong> avec l&rsquo;accord de ses ma\u00eetres. Il la nomme Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">L&rsquo;<strong>enseignement est tr\u00e8s dur<\/strong>. Pour rentrer dans son \u00e9cole il faut prouver son courage en effectuant de nombreux tests. Il est interdit de dire \u00ab\u00a0j&rsquo;ai mal\u00a0\u00bb ou \u00ab\u00a0j&rsquo;ai peur\u00a0\u00bb. Il force \u00e9galement ses \u00e9l\u00e8ves \u00e0 r\u00e9p\u00e9ter la m\u00eame technique pendant des heures.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Pak participe \u00e0 la lutte pour l&rsquo;ind\u00e9pendance de son pays<\/strong>, il forme ainsi une \u00e9quipe suicide et devient le chef d&rsquo;une petite arm\u00e9e. Lorsque sa t\u00eate est mise \u00e0 prix, personne ne le d\u00e9nonce. Les japonais prennent alors sa famille en otage et Pak se rend. Il est ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 en 1948 mais <strong>son nom<\/strong> reste fortement <strong>ancr\u00e9 dans la culture indon\u00e9sienne<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<h1 align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Le Penchak-Silat\u00a0: De l&rsquo;animal \u00e0 l&rsquo;apprentissage<\/b><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><b>L&rsquo;inspiration des animaux<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Il faut savoir que<strong> beaucoup de techniques<\/strong> de cet art martial seraient<strong> inspir\u00e9es des animaux<\/strong> qui \u00e9taient \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9poque le plus grand danger pour ces populations. Pour faire face aux menaces, ils ont donc observer les mouvements des pr\u00e9dateurs. A partir de l\u00e0, plusieurs styles sont mis au point.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Le <strong>style du tigre<\/strong> o\u00f9 les positions sont tr\u00e8s proche de sol, toujours assis accroupi ou couch\u00e9. Les mains sont utilis\u00e9es comme des pieds, et les pieds comme des mains.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Le <strong>style du cobra<\/strong> rassemble les techniques de blocage et d&rsquo;attaques.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">On retrouve \u00e9galement les styles du singe, du crocodile de l&rsquo;aigle et du scorpion.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_6162\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-6162\" class=\"wp-image-6162 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Brest_2012_Pencak_Silat_1007JPG-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Brest_2012_Pencak_Silat_1007JPG-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Brest_2012_Pencak_Silat_1007JPG-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Brest_2012_Pencak_Silat_1007JPG-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Brest_2012_Pencak_Silat_1007JPG-600x400.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/03\/Brest_2012_Pencak_Silat_1007JPG.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-6162\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Brest_2012_Pencak_Silat_1007JPG.jpg?uselang=fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">wikimedia<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/3.0\/legalcode.fr\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">licence<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<h2 align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><b>L&rsquo;apprentissage<\/b><\/span><\/h2>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">La pratique de cet art martial n\u00e9cessite la <strong>m\u00e9morisation<\/strong> de plusieurs s\u00e9ries <strong>de Lagkah<\/strong> qu&rsquo;il faut r\u00e9p\u00e9ter et ma\u00eetriser afin de permettre le d\u00e9veloppement d&rsquo;une bonne position pour les attaques.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Par la suite, l&rsquo;<strong>entrainement est bas\u00e9 sur la d\u00e9fense<\/strong>, en apprenant par exemple des parades pour se prot\u00e9ger le haut du corps ( de la taille \u00e0 la t\u00eate).<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Ensuite, les exercices porteront sur les jambes, l&rsquo;<strong>apprentissage des d\u00e9placements<\/strong> et de l&rsquo;attaque sera tr\u00e8s important.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Nous arrivons ainsi \u00e0 la quatri\u00e8me \u00e9tape qui enseigne la <strong>d\u00e9fense contre des coups de pieds<\/strong> puis les ripostes depuis une position basse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Pour terminer, les <strong>techniques de cl\u00e9s, immobilisations<\/strong> et balayages sont apprises.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\"><strong>Le Penchak-Silat est donc un style \u00e9lastique<\/strong>, qui ne cherche pas le corps \u00e0 corps. Le travail des jambes est essentiel car les mouvements sont souvent r\u00e9alis\u00e9s depuis une position basse. Cette position trompe l&rsquo;adversaire qui cherchera \u00e0 attaquer. Pendant ce laps de temps le pratiquant du Penchak analysera les points vitaux pour placer son encha\u00eenement.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Enfin, il ne faut pas oublier d&rsquo;ex\u00e9cuter le salut nomm\u00e9\u00a0\u00ab\u00a0<strong>Hormat<\/strong>\u00a0\u00bb qui est obligatoire au d\u00e9but et \u00e0 la fin de chaque s\u00e9ance d&rsquo;entra\u00eenement.<\/span><\/p>\n<h1 align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 18pt;\"><b>Le Penchak-silat comme self-defense<\/b><\/span><\/h1>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Il existe un <strong>d\u00e9bat<\/strong> entre les ma\u00eetres de cet art \u00e0 propos de la<strong> modernisation<\/strong> du Penchak-Silat. Certains pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent l&rsquo;enseigner de fa\u00e7on traditionnelle. Ils ne veulent pas que cet art devienne un sport car cela va le rendre moins efficace. En effet en consid\u00e9rant cet art comme un sport cela <strong>change<\/strong> compl\u00e8tement les <strong>gardes et la fa\u00e7on de penser<\/strong>. Les techniques de protection vitales sont oubli\u00e9es car le sport interdit les frappes aux parties g\u00e9nitales, aux yeux ou \u00e0 la gorge. Donc les techniques apprises lors de l&rsquo;entra\u00eenement deviennent\u00a0inutiles pour le pratiquant. Le <strong>but de cet art est de contre attaquer<\/strong> en visant principalement les points vitaux tout en prot\u00e9geant les siens. Cette <strong>notion est perdue lors d&rsquo;une comp\u00e9tition<\/strong> de Penchak.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">On peut donc comprendre le refus de ces ma\u00eetres de moderniser leur art.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">La pr\u00e9paration des \u00e9l\u00e8ves aux <strong>combats contre plusieurs adversaires<\/strong> ( trois \u00e0 six ) est essentielle. Il ne faut jamais oublier que si un individu nous attaque, il a surement des complices. De ce fait les immobilisations apprises sont tr\u00e8s rapides afin de\u00a0permettre au pratiquant de se relever le plus vite possible.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Le style <strong>S\u00e9tia Hati t\u00e9rat\u00e9<\/strong>, principalement connu en France gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 <strong>Franck Ropers<\/strong>, un des pionniers de cet art en Europe, encourage l&rsquo;utilisation de l&rsquo;environnement et d&rsquo;objets du quotidien ( ceinture, stylos ..) pour se d\u00e9fendre.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Il y a deux concepts importants \u00e0 retenir, \u00ab\u00a0 <strong>ne jamais se laisser surprendre et toujours garder l&rsquo;esprit vif\u00a0<\/strong>\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">L&rsquo;entra\u00eenement est complet, il faut savoir <strong>se d\u00e9fendre<\/strong> \u00e0 partir de <strong>toutes les positions<\/strong> et avec n&rsquo;importe quel objet.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif; font-size: 12pt;\">Enfin lors d&rsquo;un combat, <strong>il ne faut jamais reculer.<\/strong>\u00a0Il faut toujours favoriser le contact et privil\u00e9gier les coups aux <strong>points vitaux<\/strong> ( yeux, gorges, cervicales..). L&rsquo;<strong>\u00e9tude du corps humain<\/strong> et de la biom\u00e9canique du corps est donc tr\u00e8s<strong> importante<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: georgia, palatino, serif;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu&rsquo;est ce que le Penchak-Silat\u00a0? Le Penchak-Silat (ou Pencak-Silat) qui signifie litt\u00e9ralement \u00ab\u00a0l&rsquo;art du combat rapide\u00a0\u00bb est un art martial qui nous vient de Malaisie. On y retrouve deux courants d&rsquo;arts martiaux : le penchak originaire de Java, dans le sud de l\u2019Indon\u00e9sie et le Silat de Sumatra, dans le nord de l&rsquo;\u00eele et en <a class=\"read-more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mmartial.com\/blog\/2017\/03\/17\/le-penchak-silat\/\">   Lire la suite&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"featured_media":6160,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[33,54,27,34,32,55,29,38],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Le Penchak-Silat : Un art de vivre et de combattre - MMArtial<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le Penchak-Silat est un art martial originaire d&#039;Asie principalement d&#039;Indon\u00e9sie et de Malaisie. 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